Virtual reality in the pediatric perioperative: focus and distraction, what situation are we in?

¿en qué situación nos encontramos?

Abstract

Perioperative anxiety in the pediatric population is a common problem, the impact of which generates problems; both in the short term (such as increased postoperative pain) and in the long term (behavioral alterations). In recent years, the use of virtual reality (VR), as a tool to address this problem, is one of the most relevant strategies due to the results obtained and can be considered another step within the eHealth concept. The bibliographic review carried out concludes that the use of VR seems to be more effective for this purpose in the child population, obtaining better results, than in adults. This can be used throughout the perioperative period, either to focus on aspects in a pedagogical way or as a distraction tool. Both modes have proven to be effective in the common goal of anxiolysis. Among these distraction maneuvers is digital sedation, in this case a medical device is required to carry it out. Regarding undesirable effects, no major secondary events have been reported. The age of onset is not clearly defined, depending on the patient's previous interview and their maturity. There is also no indication of when its use is most optimal. The cost of implementation and the existence of classic measures are one of the main drawbacks for their implementation. The use of artificial intelligence can represent a revolution .