¿Utilizamos toda nuestra "artillería analgésica" en los pacientes quemados?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30445/rear.v13i3.905Palabras clave:
Fisiopatología del paciente quemado, analgesia con opioides, tolerancia, analgesia multimodal, analgesia no farmacológica, manejo del dolor, hiperalgesia, inflamaciónResumen
Los pacientes quemados sufren una importante agresión física generando un dolor intenso que requiere una formación específica y multidisciplinar para su adecuado tratamiento. A pesar de los avances en el estudio de los tratamientos analgésicos, los pacientes quemados aún permanecen infratratados en un alto porcentaje. Es necesario conocer las distintas opciones terapéuticas de las que disponemos, así como la fisiopatología del dolor en los pacientes quemados para poder tratarlos adecuadamente.
Citas
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- Kidd BL, Urban LA. Mechanisms of inflammatory pain. Br J Anaesth 2001 Jul;87(1):3-11.
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- Tully A, Anderson L, Adams W, Mosier MJ. Opioid creep in burn center discharge regimens: doubled amounts and complexity of narcotic prescriptions over seven years. Burns 2019;45:328-334.
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- Bohn LM, Lefkowitz RJ, Gainetdinov RR, Peppel K, Caron MG, Lin FT. Enhanced morphine analgesia in mice lacking B-arrestin 2. Science 1999;286:2495-8.
- Wang S, Lim G, Yang L, Zeng Q, Sung B, Jeevendra Martyn JA, et al. A rat model of unilateral hindpaw burn injury: slowly developing rightwards shift of the morphine dose-response curve. Pain 2005;116:87-95.
- Sugita H, Kaneki M, Sugita M, Yasukawa T, Yasuhara S, Martyn JAJ. Burn injury impairs insulin-stimulated Akt/PKB activation in skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2005;288:E585-91.
- Lang TC, Zhao R, Kim A, et al. A Critical Update of the Assessment and Acute Management of Patients with Severe Burns. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle). 2019;8(12):607‐633. doi:10.1089/wound.2019.0963
- Wang S, Zhang L, Ma Y, Chen L, Tian Y, Mao J, et al. Nociceptive behavior following hindpaw burn injury in young rats: response to systemic morphine. Pain Med 2011;12:87-98.
- Retrouvey H, Shahrokhi S. Pain and the thermally injured patient- a review of current therapies. J Burn Care Res 2015 Mar-Apr;36(2):315-323.
- Richardson P, Mustard L. The management of pain in the burns unit. Burns 2009;35:921-936.
- Gray P. Pregabalin in severe burn injury pain: a double blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial. Pain 2011;152:1279-88.
- Grey P, Williams B, Cramond T. Successful Use of Gabapentin in Acute Pain Management Following Burn Injury: A Case Series. Pain Med 2008;9 3:371–376.
- Asmussen S, Maybauer DM, Fraser JF, et al. A metaanalysis of analgesic and sedative effects of dexmedetomidine in burn patients. Burns 2013;39:625-31.
- Zor F, Ozturk S, Bilgin F, Isik S, Cosar A. Pain relief during dressing changes of major adult burns: Ideal analgesic combination with ketamine. Burns 2010;36:501–505
- Wasiak J, Mahar PD, McGuinness SK et al. Intravenous lidocaine for the treatment of background or procedural burn pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014;10(10):CD005622.
- Lipowska James D, Jowza M. Principles of Burn Pain Management. Clin Plastic Surg 2017;44:737-747.
- Montogomery GH, DuHamel KN, Redd WH. A metaanlaysis of hypnotically induced analgesia: how effetive is hipnosis? Int J Clin Exp Hypn 2000;48:138-53.
- Hoffman HG, Chambers GT, Meyer WJ, 3rd, et al. Virtual reality as an adjunctive non-pharmacologic analgesic for acute burn pain during medical procedures. Ann Behav Med 2011;41:183-191.
- Perez-Ruvalcaba I, Sanchez-Hernandez V, Mercado-Sesma AR. Effect of a combined continuous and intermittent transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on pain perception of burn patients evaluated by visula analog scale: a pilot study. Local Reg Anesth 2015;8:119-122.
- Vásquez-Ortega E, García-Ramírez MC, Cruz-Ramírez M, Vázquez-Morales A. Electroterapia como manejo alternativo de dolor en quemaduras. Rev Sanid Milit 2008;62:141-144.
- Alencar de Castro RJ, Cunha Leal P, Kimiko Sakata R. Tratamiento del dolor en Quemados. Rev Bras Anestesiol. 2013;63(1):149-153.
-Woolf CJ, Mannion RJ. Neuropathic pain: aetiology, symtoms, mechanisms, and management. Lancet 1999;353:1959-1964.
-Dauber A, Osgood PF, Breslau AJ et al. Chronic persistent pain after severe burns: a survey of 358 burn survivors. Pain Med 2002 Mar; 3(1):6-17.
- Farina Jr. JA, Rosique MJ, Rosique RG. Curbing inflammation in burn patients. Int J Inflam 2013;2013:715645.
- Kidd BL, Urban LA. Mechanisms of inflammatory pain. Br J Anaesth 2001 Jul;87(1):3-11.
- Carr DB, Goudas LC. Acute pain. Lancet 1999 Jun; 353(9169):2051-2058.
- Nozaki-Taguchi N, Yaksh TL. Pharmacology of spinal glutamatergic receptros in posthermal injury-evoked tactile allodynia and termal hyperalgesia. Anesthesiology 2002 Mar; 96(3):617-626.
- Richardson P, Mustard L. The management of pain in the burns unit. Burns 2009 Nov;35(7):921-936.
- Tully A, Anderson L, Adams W, Mosier MJ. Opioid creep in burn center discharge regimens: doubled amounts and complexity of narcotic prescriptions over seven years. Burns 2019;45:328-334.
- Emery MA, Eitan S. Drug-specific differences in the ability of opioids to manage burn pain. Burns. 2020 May;46(3):503-513. doi:10.1016/j.burns.2019.03.028. Epub 2019 Dec 16. Review. PubMed PMID: 31859093
- Bohn LM, Lefkowitz RJ, Gainetdinov RR, Peppel K, Caron MG, Lin FT. Enhanced morphine analgesia in mice lacking B-arrestin 2. Science 1999;286:2495-8.
- Wang S, Lim G, Yang L, Zeng Q, Sung B, Jeevendra Martyn JA, et al. A rat model of unilateral hindpaw burn injury: slowly developing rightwards shift of the morphine dose-response curve. Pain 2005;116:87-95.
- Sugita H, Kaneki M, Sugita M, Yasukawa T, Yasuhara S, Martyn JAJ. Burn injury impairs insulin-stimulated Akt/PKB activation in skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2005;288:E585-91.
- Lang TC, Zhao R, Kim A, et al. A Critical Update of the Assessment and Acute Management of Patients with Severe Burns. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle). 2019;8(12):607‐633. doi:10.1089/wound.2019.0963
- Wang S, Zhang L, Ma Y, Chen L, Tian Y, Mao J, et al. Nociceptive behavior following hindpaw burn injury in young rats: response to systemic morphine. Pain Med 2011;12:87-98.
- Retrouvey H, Shahrokhi S. Pain and the thermally injured patient- a review of current therapies. J Burn Care Res 2015 Mar-Apr;36(2):315-323.
- Richardson P, Mustard L. The management of pain in the burns unit. Burns 2009;35:921-936.
- Gray P. Pregabalin in severe burn injury pain: a double blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial. Pain 2011;152:1279-88.
- Grey P, Williams B, Cramond T. Successful Use of Gabapentin in Acute Pain Management Following Burn Injury: A Case Series. Pain Med 2008;9 3:371–376.
- Asmussen S, Maybauer DM, Fraser JF, et al. A metaanalysis of analgesic and sedative effects of dexmedetomidine in burn patients. Burns 2013;39:625-31.
- Zor F, Ozturk S, Bilgin F, Isik S, Cosar A. Pain relief during dressing changes of major adult burns: Ideal analgesic combination with ketamine. Burns 2010;36:501–505
- Wasiak J, Mahar PD, McGuinness SK et al. Intravenous lidocaine for the treatment of background or procedural burn pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014;10(10):CD005622.
- Lipowska James D, Jowza M. Principles of Burn Pain Management. Clin Plastic Surg 2017;44:737-747.
- Montogomery GH, DuHamel KN, Redd WH. A metaanlaysis of hypnotically induced analgesia: how effetive is hipnosis? Int J Clin Exp Hypn 2000;48:138-53.
- Hoffman HG, Chambers GT, Meyer WJ, 3rd, et al. Virtual reality as an adjunctive non-pharmacologic analgesic for acute burn pain during medical procedures. Ann Behav Med 2011;41:183-191.
- Perez-Ruvalcaba I, Sanchez-Hernandez V, Mercado-Sesma AR. Effect of a combined continuous and intermittent transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on pain perception of burn patients evaluated by visula analog scale: a pilot study. Local Reg Anesth 2015;8:119-122.
- Vásquez-Ortega E, García-Ramírez MC, Cruz-Ramírez M, Vázquez-Morales A. Electroterapia como manejo alternativo de dolor en quemaduras. Rev Sanid Milit 2008;62:141-144.
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Publicado
2021-04-12
Cómo citar
Castellanos González, R., Jiménez García, M. J., Rubio, S. P., & Campanero, P. D. (2021). ¿Utilizamos toda nuestra "artillería analgésica" en los pacientes quemados?. Revista Electrónica AnestesiaR, 13(3). https://doi.org/10.30445/rear.v13i3.905
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